Speech

A.Definition of Speech

Speech is an activity of public speaking or giving speeches to express their opinions, or to give an idea about something. Speech is usually performed by a person who gives speeches and statements about things / events that are important and should be discussed.

B. Speech function

• Facilitate communication between supervisors and subordinates.
• Facilitate communication among members of the organization.
• Creating a conducive situation in which only need one person who gave speeches / speech.
• facilitate communication.

C.Types of speech

1. Speech Impromtu
            Impromptu speech is the speech delivered without preparation of the person who will make a speech. For example, when you come to a party, and you are asked to give a speech, the speech you gave without any prior preparation is called impromtu speech. For those who are used to making speeches,

impromtu speech has several advantages, including the
 (1) impromtu be able to express feelings of the actual speaker, because the speaker does not think of first opinions submitted,
(2) ideas and his opinions came spontaneously, so it looks fresh and lively,
 (3) impromtu lets you keep thinking.
        

    However, impromtu had several drawbacks, especially for the speaker or someone who is unfamiliar speech. These weaknesses are, among others impromtu

(1) impromtu may lead to conclusions that raw because of inadequate knowledge base,
(2) impromtu resulted in the delivery of stuttering and non-current,
(3) The ideas presented biased "disheveled" and inconsequential,
(4) due to lack of preparation, the possibility of "stage fright" immense.




2. Speech Manuscript
         Speech manuscript type is also often called speech to text. People who make a speech read out the speech from beginning to end.   Speech manuscript type is required by national leaders and scientists in reporting results of research done. They should talk or speech with caution, because the usage error word or phrase could be wider consequences and negative consequences.

Advantages include the manuscript speech
(1) the words can be selected as well as possible so as to convey the exact meaning and explicit statement,
(2) the statement can be saved, because the manuscript can be rearranged,
(3) Fluency speech can be achieved, because the words are already prepared,
 (4) things that are inconsequential or breaches can be avoided,
(5) The manuscript can be published or reproduced.
            But judging from the communication process,
This manuscript speech shortage will be more severe, among which are
(1) communication listener will be reduced because the speaker does not speak directly to them,
(2) the speaker can not see the audience very well, so it will loss of motion and rigid,
(3) The feedback from the listener can not change, shorten or lengthen the message,
 (4) preparation for longer than just set up a broad outline only.

3. Speech Memoriter
            This type of speech is also often referred to as a rote speech. Speaker or the person who will make a speech to write all messages to be delivered in a script and then memorized and delivered to an audience word-for-word by rote. Memoriter speeches often become unable to work properly if the speaker forget the part to be delivered, and in this speech the relationship between the speaker and the audience is also not good.
     

   Disadvantages speech by rote:
1.if we memorize deviated from the talks can be confusing
2. if he can not remember exactly the contents of the speech, it would seem stiff

advantages
1. give attention of the listener
 2. can prepare a speech topics
3. train memory

4. Speech Ekstemporer
            Speech ekstemporer This is the kind of speech that is best and most widely used by the speech interpreter that has been advanced. In this type of speech, the speaker is just preparing the outline (out-line) only. In the presentation, the speaker does not remember word for word but the speaker freely express his ideas with signs outline the problems that have been prepared. Communication that occurs between the speaker and the audience can take place better. Speaker can directly respond to what is happening in front of him in accordance with the circumstances he faced.
            For those who have not advanced speaker speech, speech ekstempore types have several drawbacks.

The weaknesses include:

the preparation is less good when made in a hurry, the choice of languages ​​ugly, fluency is hampered due to shortage of choosing his words immediately, the possibility to deviate from the outline of the speech (out-line), it certainly can not be used as publishing. However, these shortcomings can be overcome with a lot of exercises speech.
Advantages :
1. The material disclosed in a systematic and complete
2. The words can express
 3. The attention of the listener
4. creating an atmosphere of effective
5. looks good in speech

Things that should be considered when giving a speech:
- APPEARANCE: The first time we got into the stage to read a speech us, it helps us maintain the neatness, the freshness, the beauty of our appearance that everyone likes to see us and be encouraging to see us. And the thing to do is when we smile sincerely in the audience when we entered the stage.

-Speech Content: Content speech must be prepared in advance before we perform, note designations, not too short, not too long, not too off-topic too.

-Vocal: Vocals when we give the speech is the most must be taken into consideration in this case, because we bring the atmosphere with our vocal as well, not too slowly, as this will cause the audience bored and not the spirit, not as if he wanted a solemn but apparently not in place, speech with sound spirit, assertive, loud as it will bring the audience into more spirit too !!

-facial expression: facial expression was also important, if we just try to put a face too serious and tense, certainly the audience will also feel tense, on the contrary, attach a bright face, smiling face, friendly, emphatic, memorable, and make everyone's attention attracted to you.

Most important of all it is an exercise, if we feel we are ready when we go forward, and feel we can and do without exercise it is the wrong thing, because that way because we are not trained, then the time ahead, what in our hearts and what we do not necessarily appropriate, because it is necessary to adjust the exercise hearts and what we do. Expand to ask the opinion of people to be honest, if there are people who say you are good, but you still feel something is missing, tell me again in person to tell the truth, it could be people who gived  nice comment to you that just want to please yourself, just tell that person, if that person is not telling the truth, then he wants to destroy your event with the number of your mistakes. We can also practice in front of a mirror to train a good mimic, trained voices or vocal us. When we make a speech, make sure it is in good order, check repeatedly to find what you're feeling less fitting, off-topic, too long, too short, and others. And do not forget to always pay attention to other people's speeches are much nicer and more senior than us, because they can be a lesson to you to make it better. Remember that we have to learn this, but keep in mind, too, that we should take a good, discard the bad, and do better.